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State of HTML 2025

Accessibility

Making sites and apps accessible by all.

Other Accessibility Techniques

What other techniques are part of your regular accessibility strategy?
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

Descriptive alt text

3,647
2

Information Hierarchy

3,452
3

Form Control Labels

3,331
4

Meaningful Link Text

+1
2,827
5

Sufficient Contrast

+1
2,778
6

Visible Focus Ring

+1
2,725
7

Intuitive keyboard navigation

-3
2,454
8

<fieldset> and <legend>

+2
2,250
9

Not Relying on Pointer Only

2,194
10

Not Relying on Color Only

-2
2,192
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
4,124
66%
10

User Disabilities

0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

Low vision

2,724
2

Atypical color vision

2,163
3

Mobility impairments

1,387
4

Vestibular disorders

920
5

Hearing impairments

687
6

Learning disabilities

677
7

🚫 None

665
8

Other cognitive impairments

600
9

Other Answers

52
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
3,727
60%
10

Screen Readers

Which screen readers do you use for accessibility testing?
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

VoiceOver

+1
1,376
2

🚫 None

1,358
3

Chrome DevTools

-1
1,306
4

NVDA

742
5

JAWS

414
6

WAVE

366
7

TalkBack

216
8

Narrator

199
9

Orca

137
10

Chromevox

88
11

Firefox Accessibility Inspector

12

Other Answers

51
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
3,784
61%
10

Accessibility Tools

0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

Browser Devtools

+1
2,259
2

Lighthouse

-1
1,983
3

Axe

1,145
4

Firefox Accessibility Inspector

1,033
5

🚫 None

-1
717
6

WAVE

+1
648
7

-1
544
8

Accessibility Insights

523
9

Pa11y

+1
188
10

Arc

-1
167
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
3,860
62%
10

accessibility.accessibility_pain_points

0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

Education

2

DX

3

Workplace issues

4

Limitations

5

Debugging

6

Environments & Consumers

7

Screen Reader Issues

8

Testing

-7
9

-7
10

Interop issues

0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
606
10%
20
10

Recommended Resources